PERAN PERSATUAN BANGSA-BANGSA (PBB) DALAM MEMELIHARA PERDAMAIAN DI MALI TAHUN 2021-2023
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the role of the United Nations (UN) in maintaining peace in Mali during the period 2021 to 2023 by employing the theory of Institutional Liberalism and Clive Archer's concept of international organizations, which includes roles as an arena, instrument, and actor. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques involving literature review and analysis of official UN documents as well as reports from other international organizations. The data were analyzed comprehensively to understand patterns of cooperation and the challenges faced by the UN in maintaining stability in Mali. The findings reveal that the UN has played a significant role as an arena for negotiations among international and regional actors, an instrument for implementing various development and humanitarian programs, and an actor taking initiatives in political mediation and human rights advocacy. The discussion emphasizes that the UN's success is not solely determined by security aspects but also by the integration of various development programs involving local participation. The holistic approach adopted by the UN demonstrates the relevance of institutional liberalism theory in addressing international conflicts.
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