KEBIJAKAN PERTAHANAN TIONGKOK DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN SENJATA OTONOM BERBASIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM MENGHADAPI KEKUATAN MILITER AMERIKA SERIKAT TAHUN 2019-2024
Abstract
In an anarchic international system, China perceives the military presence of the United States in the Indo-Pacific region, along with the formation of alliances such as AUKUS and QUAD, as threats to its national ambitions, including the realization of the "China Dream" and the Great Rejuvenation. In response to these challenges and threats, China has increasingly modernized its military capabilities as a means of balancing power, particularly through the development of autonomous weapons based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). The general objective of this research is to explain the rationale behind China's defense policy in developing AI-based autonomous weapons as a response to the military power of the United States from 2019 to 2024. The specific objective is to understand China's defense policy regarding the development of AI-based autonomous weapons within the framework of international relations. This study employs the theoretical approaches of offensive neorealism, the balance of threat, national interest, Artificial Intelligence, and defense policy, using a qualitative research method. The findings of this study aim to reveal the underlying reasons behind China’s defense policy in developing AI-based autonomous weapons in response to the military strength of the United States during the 2019–2024 period.
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