PERAN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DALAM MENANGANI ISU KRISIS KEMANUSIAAN DI PALESTINA FOKUS ISU KRISIS KESEHATAN PALESTINA TAHUN 2023-2024
Keywords:
Kata Kunci: WHO, Krisis Kesehatan, Palestina, Gaza, Organisasi Internasional, Intervensi Kesehatan.
Abstract
Krisis kemanusiaan di Palestina pada 2023–2024 berdampak serius pada kehidupan masyarakat, memicu kerusakan infrastruktur kesehatan, keterbatasan akses layanan medis, dan meningkatnya korban sipil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peran World Health Organization (WHO) sebagai organisasi internasional dalam menangani krisis kemanusiaan, khususnya di bidang kesehatan di Palestina. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur dari sumber primer seperti laporan resmi WHO dan dokumen kebijakan, serta sumber sekunder berupa jurnal ilmiah, laporan media, dan data statistik kesehatan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peran dan kontribusi WHO dalam merespons krisis, termasuk upaya diplomasi kesehatan global untuk mendorong gencatan senjata sebagai langkah mitigasi darurat. Analisis penelitian diperkuat oleh teori Organisasi Internasional Clive Archer, teori liberalisme, dan konsep diplomasi kesehatan global. Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan pemahaman lebih mendalam mengenai peran organisasi internasional dalam mengatasi krisis kesehatan di wilayah konflik, sekaligus menjadi referensi bagi akademisi dan pembuat kebijakan dalam merumuskan strategi intervensi kesehatan global yang lebih efektif, tepat sasaran, dan berkelanjutan. Temuan ini juga menyoroti pentingnya kerja sama internasional dalam menghadapi dampak kemanusiaan dari konflik berkepanjangan.
References
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Muhhamad Fatahillah. (2018) “Suara Kelompok Minortitas Bagi Masa Depan Negara Palestina Merdeka.” Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, oktober 2018. https://fisip.ui.ac.id/suara-kelompok-minoritas-bagi-masa-depan-negara-palestina-merdeka/.
Putri Wanda, Anisa, M. Arsy Ashiddiqy Ash, and Dani Kurniawansyah. (2022) “Peran World Health Organization Terhadap Krisis Kesehatan Di Ukraina Pada Masa Invasi Rusia Tahun 2022-2023.” Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 58–69. https://journal.uir.ac.id/index.php/jdis/article/view/14467.
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Reina Ortiz, Miguel, Vinita Sharma, Jesse Casanova, Jaime Corvin, and Ismael Hoare. (2021) “Developing Global Health Diplomacy-Related Skills Using a COVID-19-like Epidemic Simulation as a Learning Strategy.” The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0155
Rosmita, Ermi, Prisca S Diantara, and Tito A Pangesti. (2024) Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. 1st ed., 2024.
R Edhie, Yoesoep, Rozali Ilham, Halomoan M Edy, Loso Judianto, Rudy L Dwi, Finasim, and Sa’dianoor. (2024) Layanan dan Tata Kelola E-Government (Teori, Konsep, dan Penerapan. 1st ed. Yogyakarta: PT. Green Pustaka Indonesia, 2024.
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WHO. (2022) “Attacks on Health Care Initiative: Prevent. Protect. Provide.” World Helath Organization News, 2022. https://www.who.int/activities/stopping-attacks-on-health-care
WHO. (2023) “Conflict in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Region.” WHO, Oktober 2023. https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/conflict-in-Israel-and-oPt
Wibowo, Hanafi. (2024) Mengapa Palestina gagal merdeka. Edisi perbaikan. Beji, Depok, Jawa Barat: NDM, 2024.
Wirajaya, Armando Christofel. (2020). “Penyelesaian Sengketa Palestina Dan Israel Menurut Hukum Internasional (Study Kasus Perampasan Wilayah Palestina Di Israel).” LEX ET SOCIETATIS 8, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 45–52. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v8i4.30909.
Aqwa Nedal Abu Kmeil. (2024) “The Global Solidarity with the Palestinian Cause: Breaking Narratives and Shaping Policies.” Sharq Forum, 2024. https://research.sharqforum.org/2024/02/02/the-global-solidarity-with-the-palestinian-cause-breaking-narratives-and-shaping-policies.
Balqis Fallahnda. (2023) “Update Palestina-Israel Hari Ini 14 November & Jumlah Korban.” Tirto.Id, November 14, 2023
Bashi, Sari. (2023) “Bantuan Untuk Gaza Diblokir Pemerintah Israel Terus Menghalangi Bantuan Kemanusiaan Yang Sangat Dibutuhkan.” The New York Review of Books, November 6, 2023. https://www.hrw.org/id/news/2023/11/06/gazas-blocked-relief.
Beiraghdar, Fatemeh, Javad Momeni, Elham Hosseini, Yunes Panahi, and Sajad Sahab Negah. (2023) “Health Crisis in Gaza: The Urgent Need for International Action.” Iranian Journal of Public Health 52, no. 12 (December 8, 2023): 2478–83. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v52i12.14309.
Christie, Rachel, Gracia Suha Ma’rifa, and Jedyzha Azzariel Priliska. (2024) “Analisis Konflik Israel dan Palestina Terhadap Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional.” Jurnal Kewarganegaraan 8, no. 1 (2024): 349–258. https://doi.org/10.31316/jk.v8i1.6178.
Denis Balibouse. (2024) “WHO Chief Breaks down Describing ‘hellish’ Gaza Conditions.” Reuters, 2024. https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/who-chief-breaks-down-describing-hellish-gaza-conditions-2024-01-25/.
Dwi Hastuti, Loso Judijanto, Efraim Mangaluk, Sepriano, and Parmadi. (2025) Sosial Politik (Konsep Dan Teori). 1st ed. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia, 2025.
Fajrianti, Ardelia, and Ija Suntana. (2022) “Peran World health Organization (WHO) dalam Menangani Krisis Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” UINSunanGunungDjatiBadung,2022.https://etheses.uinsgd.ac.id/52420/1/Ardelia%20Fajrianti_1193030011_HTN%206A_UAS%20Lembaga%20Internasional.docx.pdf.
Farid, Ahmad, Sulistyawati, Satria Perdana, Firnasrudin Rahim, Eliyah, M Aris Rizqi, Fauzy Ma’ruf, et al. (2024) Advokasi Kesehatan. CV. Media Sains Indonesia, 2024. https://eprints.uad.ac.id/77445/1/Buku%20Digital%20%20ADVOKASI%20KESEHATAN.pdf.
Geremedhn, Mulubrhan Atsbaha, and Hafte Gebreselassie Gebrihet. (2024) “The Dynamics of Humanitarian Diplomacy During Wartime: Insights from Tigray Crisis in Ethiopia.” Social Sciences 13, no. 11 (November 20, 2024): 626. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13110626.
Health, Cluster. (2024) “300 Days of War: Health Crisis in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.” HealthCluster News, August 8, 2024. https://healthcluster.who.int/newsroom/news/item/08-08-2024-300-days-of-war-health-crisis-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory
Ibrahim soha. (2024) “Enam Bulan Pertikaian Di Gaza Dalam Angka.” BBC News Indonesia, April 10, 2024. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c6p4yj3410vo.
Ismaniar, Hetty, Muhammad Dedi Widodo, and Leon Candra. (2021) Organisasi Manajemen Kesehatan. 1st ed. Bandung: Widina Bhakti Persada Bandung, 2021. https://repository.penerbitwidina.com/media/publications/345438-organisasi-manajemen-kesehatan-da5b7414.pdf#page=28.
Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP). (2017) “Health Under Occupation: Chapter Two Protection for Healthcare.” Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP), 2017. https://www.map.org.uk/publications/programme-reports.
Michelle Nichols, Nidal Al-Mughrabi, and Crispian Balmer. (2025) “US Vetoes UN Security Council Demand for Gaza Ceasefire.” Reuters, 2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/us-backed-gaza-aid-group-halt-distribution-wednesday-un-vote-ceasefire-demand-2025-06-04/.
Muchsin Sulaiman. (2022) “Peran United Nations Relief And Works Agency For Palestine Refugees In The Near East (Unrwa) Dalam Penanganan Pengungsi Palestina Tahun 2016-2019.” Program Studi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, n.d. https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/71476.
Muhhamad Fatahillah. (2018) “Suara Kelompok Minortitas Bagi Masa Depan Negara Palestina Merdeka.” Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, oktober 2018. https://fisip.ui.ac.id/suara-kelompok-minoritas-bagi-masa-depan-negara-palestina-merdeka/.
Putri Wanda, Anisa, M. Arsy Ashiddiqy Ash, and Dani Kurniawansyah. (2022) “Peran World Health Organization Terhadap Krisis Kesehatan Di Ukraina Pada Masa Invasi Rusia Tahun 2022-2023.” Journal of Diplomacy and International Studies 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 58–69. https://journal.uir.ac.id/index.php/jdis/article/view/14467.
P. Karns, Margaret, Tana Johnson, and Karen A Mingst. (2023) International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance. 4th ed. Lynne Rienner, 2023. https://www.rienner.com/uploads/655641fb4f4df.pdf
Reina Ortiz, Miguel, Vinita Sharma, Jesse Casanova, Jaime Corvin, and Ismael Hoare. (2021) “Developing Global Health Diplomacy-Related Skills Using a COVID-19-like Epidemic Simulation as a Learning Strategy.” The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0155
Rosmita, Ermi, Prisca S Diantara, and Tito A Pangesti. (2024) Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. 1st ed., 2024.
R Edhie, Yoesoep, Rozali Ilham, Halomoan M Edy, Loso Judianto, Rudy L Dwi, Finasim, and Sa’dianoor. (2024) Layanan dan Tata Kelola E-Government (Teori, Konsep, dan Penerapan. 1st ed. Yogyakarta: PT. Green Pustaka Indonesia, 2024.
Security Council. (2025) “PrintShare In Hindsight: The Security Council in 2024 and Looking Ahead to 2025.” Security Council Report, 2024. https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2025-01/in-hindsight-the-security-council-in-2024-and-looking-ahead-to-2025.php.
Suratiningsih, Dewi, Dea Pupita, and Safira Safira. (2020) “Diplomasi Perdamaian Dan Kemanusian Indonesia Dalam Isu Palestina Pada Tahun 2014-2020.” (PROYEKSI Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora PROYEKSI Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora (e-Journal)) 25, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 11. https://doi.org/10.26418/proyeksi.v25i1.2602.
Stoeva, Preslava. (2022) “How Can Engagement with Political Science and International Relations for Health Be Improved?” The Lancet 399, no. 10341 (June 2022): 2082–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00892-3.
Tarisa, N P. (2021) “Peran Who Sebagai Subjek Hukum Internasional Dalam Mencegah Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19).” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sui Generis 1, no. 4 (October 4, 2021): 1–8. https://ejournal2.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JIH/article/download/766/427.
WHO. (2020) Global Strategy on Health, Environment and Climate Change: The Transformation Needed to Improve Lives and Well Being Sustainably Through Healthy Environments. 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/climate-change/5_strategi-global-untuk-kesehatan-lingkungan---pi.pdf?sfvrsn=79554e9_3
WHO. (2022) “Attacks on Health Care Initiative: Prevent. Protect. Provide.” World Helath Organization News, 2022. https://www.who.int/activities/stopping-attacks-on-health-care
WHO. (2023) “Conflict in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Region.” WHO, Oktober 2023. https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/conflict-in-Israel-and-oPt
Wibowo, Hanafi. (2024) Mengapa Palestina gagal merdeka. Edisi perbaikan. Beji, Depok, Jawa Barat: NDM, 2024.
Wirajaya, Armando Christofel. (2020). “Penyelesaian Sengketa Palestina Dan Israel Menurut Hukum Internasional (Study Kasus Perampasan Wilayah Palestina Di Israel).” LEX ET SOCIETATIS 8, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 45–52. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v8i4.30909.
Published
2025-10-15
How to Cite
Azizah Anjani, F., Djemat, Y. O., & Nastiti, N. N. (2025). PERAN WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DALAM MENANGANI ISU KRISIS KEMANUSIAAN DI PALESTINA FOKUS ISU KRISIS KESEHATAN PALESTINA TAHUN 2023-2024. Global Insight Journal : Jurnal Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.36859/gij.v2i1.3979
Section
Articles
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