GERAKAN FREE PEOPLE MOVEMENT DAN REFORMASI POLITIK THAILAND (2014 – 2020)

  • Muhamad Fikri Asy’ari Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia
  • Wildan Faisol Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia
Keywords: Thailand, Free People Movement, Free Youth Movement, Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Prayuth Chan-O-Cha, Gerakan Sosial

Abstract

Thailand merupakan negara di Asia Tenggara yang masih bergelut dengan konflik politik yang semakin intensif. Sejak kudeta tahun 2014 yang dilancarkan oleh Jenderal Prayut Chan-O-Cha, itu telah menjadi titik awal kolektif untuk emosi yang berkepanjangan. Kemudian, didukung oleh faktor utama dalam kecurangan sebelum dan setelah Pemilihan Umum 2019, pembubaran partai Future Forward yang progresif dan terkenal di kalangan pemuda, dan hilangnya aktivis populer Wanchalearm. Peristiwa ini akhirnya memicu gelombang protes pertama dan kedua. Rumusan masalah yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah “Mengapa Free People Movement Menuntut Reformasi Politik dan Pemerintahan di Thailand pada Era Perdana Menteri Prayut Chan-O-Cha (2014-2020)?”. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan, penulis menggunakan konsep Aksi Kolektif dari William Gamson dan Charles Tilly, serta Social Movement yang dibawakan oleh Sidney Tarrow dalam bukunya Power Movement, dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif eksplanatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah munculnya Free People Movement (Free Youth Movement) yang dipimpin Thattep ‘Ford’ Ruangprapaikitseree bersama temannya, yang berhasil mengorganisir unjuk rasa untuk dapat mencapai tiga tuntutan utama yaitu berhenti mengecam pada aktivis dan masyarakat, membentuk konstitusi baru, dan membubarkan parlemen. Terhitung sekitar 350 lebih unjuk rasa dan demonstrasi besar yang berjumlah sekitar 20.000 hingga 100.000 demonstran telah dilancarkan dari Februari hingga Desember 2020 di seluruh Thailand. Memunculkan berbagai tagar, gerakan, dan dukungan dari kawasan regional. Kehadiran unjuk rasa ini pun tidak lain untuk mewujudkan demokrasi kedepannya bagi kebaikan Thailand.

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Published
2025-02-05
How to Cite
Asy’ari, M. F., & Faisol, W. (2025). GERAKAN FREE PEOPLE MOVEMENT DAN REFORMASI POLITIK THAILAND (2014 – 2020). Jipolis : Jurnal Ilmu Politik Dan Ilmu Sosial, 1(02). Retrieved from https://ejournal.fisip.unjani.ac.id/index.php/jipolis/article/view/2078