Islam, Christianity, and the Formation of Secularism in Indonesia 1945-1960


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  • Alexander Arifianto S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Keywords: passive secularism, Indonesia, secular nationalists, Muslims, Christians, Jakarta Charter

Abstract

In this article, I will apply the varieties of secularism theory developed by Elizabeth Shakman Hurd and Ahmet Kuru in the case of Indonesia. Following Kuru’s typology,

I argue that Indonesian secularism resembles that of passive secularism. This form of secularism came about from an alliance between secular nationalists and a religious minority (Christianity). The alliance between the two groups had successfully prevented Islam from becoming a dominant religion when an independent Indonesian state was formed in 1945. It was also successful from preventing reformist Muslims from instituting a state based on the sharia law during the crucial period of state-building in Indonesia between 1945 and 1960. However, this alliance also results in the formation of two authoritarian regimes that ruled Indonesia for four decades (1959-1998), and in the often tenuous relationship between two religious groups that sat on the opposite end of this conflict, namely Indonesian Muslims and Christians.


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Published
2022-06-27
How to Cite
Arifianto, A. (2022). Islam, Christianity, and the Formation of Secularism in Indonesia 1945-1960, 2(1), 23-53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36859/jgss.v2i1.1053

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