PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN TITLE 42 DEPORTASI MASSAL TERHADAP PENGUNGSI HAITI DI AMERIKA SERIKAT PADA TAHUN 2020-2022
Abstract
Pandemi COVID-19 memengaruhi kebijakan pengungsi di Amerika Serikat melalui penerapan Title 42 sejak 2020, yang menjadi dasar deportasi massal dengan alasan kesehatan. Kebijakan ini menuai kontroversi karena berdampak serius pada pengungsi Haiti yang menghadapi krisis di negaranya. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Title 42 terhadap pengungsi Haiti pada 2020–2022 dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif studi kepustakaan, menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan George C. Edwards III. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Title 42 meningkatkan deportasi massal dengan alasan pencegahan virus, namun menimbulkan pelanggaran HAM, ketidakadilan, dan ketidakselarasan dengan prinsip perlindungan internasional. Kesimpulannya, kebijakan lebih berorientasi pada kepentingan domestik AS dibanding tanggung jawab kemanusiaan, sehingga menimbulkan dilema antara kesehatan masyarakat dan hak pengungsi.
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