Peran World Wide Fund for Nature Dalam Melindungi Hiu Dari Perdagangan Ilegal di Indonesia

Abstract

Illegal shark trade is one of the major threats to the sustainability of marine ecosystems in Indonesia. As an archipelagic country with high marine biodiversity, Indonesia is listed among the top shark-catching nations in the world. Overexploitation and weak enforcement have pushed shark species toward extinction. This study aims to analyze the role of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as a non-state actor in tackling illegal shark trade in Indonesia. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, the findings reveal that WWF plays an active role in shark conservation through the implementation of the Shark and Ray Recovery Initiative (SARRI), cooperation with international institutions such as TRAFFIC, policy advocacy, public education campaigns, and involvement in drafting the Non-Detriment Findings (NDF) as part of CITES implementation. Despite challenges such as weak law enforcement and low public awareness, WWF remains a key partner in the preservation of shark species and the improvement of marine environmental governance in Indonesia.