KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI RUSIA DALAM MENGHADAPI EMBARGO EKONOMI AMERIKA SERIKAT PADA TAHUN 2022-2023

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Russia's foreign policy in responding to the economic embargo imposed by the United States in 2022–2023 as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach, the study applies literature reviews and interviews to gather relevant data. The results indicate that Russia adopted a foreign policy focused on diversifying economic and diplomatic relations through strategic alliances with non-Western countries such as BRICS and China. Furthermore, Russia implemented economic reorientation by strengthening the energy sector, developing alternative payment systems, and promoting import substitution strategies. In the defense sector, Russia expanded arms exports and enhanced military cooperation with Global South countries. The study concludes that Russia’s foreign policy is reactive and strategic, aiming to maintain economic sovereignty and geopolitical standing amid international sanctions. Russia demonstrates significant adaptive capacity through diplomatic repositioning and economic resilience in response to Western-dominated international structures.