KERJA SAMA INDONESIA DAN ARAB SAUDI MELALUI SISTEM PENEMPATAN SATU KANAL 2022-2024

Abstract

Sistem Penempatan Satu Kanal merupakan kebijakan resmi penempatan Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) ke Arab Saudi di sektor domestik yang mulai dirancang sejak 2018. Implementasinya sempat tertunda akibat pandemi COVID-19 dan baru diperbarui melalui Technical Arrangement tahun 2022. Kebijakan ini lahir sebagai respons atas tingginya penempatan non-prosedural dan banyaknya pelanggaran hak PMI, yang mencerminkan lemahnya perlindungan negara terhadap warganya di luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerja sama Indonesia dan Arab Saudi melalui SPSK periode 2022–2024. Menggunakan metode kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan analisis konten, lalu dianalisis dengan konsep kerja sama internasional. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama ini masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, terutama pada tingkat implementasi. Pelanggaran oleh perusahaan penempatan dan kurangnya evaluasi yang terbuka menjadi bukti bahwa SPSK belum berjalan secara efektif dan optimal.

ABSTRACT

The One Channel Placement System  is an official policy for the placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) in the domestic sector in Saudi Arabia, which was first designed in 2018. Its implementation was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was later revised and reaffirmed through the Technical Arrangement in 2022. This policy emerged in response to the high number of non-procedural placements and frequent violations of PMI rights, reflecting the state's weak protection of its citizens abroad. This study aims to analyze the cooperation between Indonesia and Saudi Arabia through the SPSK during the 2022–2024 period. Using a qualitative method, data were collected through literature study and content analysis, then examined using the concept of international cooperation. The findings show that this cooperation still faces various challenges, particularly at the implementation level. Violations by placement companies and the lack of transparent evaluations indicate that the SPSK has not yet been implemented effectively and optimally.