KERJA SAMA BILATERAL PAPUA NEW GUINEA DAN AUSTRALIA DALAM MENANGANI IMIGRAN ILEGAL TAHUN 2016 - 2020
Abstract
Isu imigran ilegal menjadi tantangan serius bagi stabilitas kawasan, terutama dalam konteks keamanan non-tradisional dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk, implementasi, serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kerja sama kedua negara dalam menghadapi arus migrasi ilegal, khususnya melalui pusat-pusat penahanan yang berada di wilayah Papua Nugini seperti Pulau Manus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan teori liberalisme interdependensi digunakan untuk menjelaskan dinamika kerja sama antarnegara, sedangkan perspektif keamanan non-tradisional dan human security digunakan untuk melihat dampak kebijakan terhadap pencari suaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja sama kedua negara bersifat pragmatis dan saling bergantung, di mana Australia menyediakan dukungan finansial dan teknis, sementara Papua Nugini berperan sebagai negara transit dan penampungan. Namun demikian, implementasi kerja sama ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk tekanan internasional terkait pelanggaran HAM serta ketergantungan Papua Nugini terhadap bantuan Australia.
Kata Kunci : Imigran Ilegal, Australia, Papua New Guinea, Liberalisme Interdependensi, Keamanan Manusia, Pulau Manus.
Abstract
The issue of illegal immigrants poses a serious challenge to regional stability, especially in the context of non-traditional security and human rights protection. This research aims to analyze the form, implementation, and factors that influence the cooperation between the two countries in dealing with illegal migration flows, especially through detention centers located in Papua New Guinea territory such as Manus Island.This research uses a qualitative method, with the interdependence liberalism theory approach used to explain the dynamics of cooperation between countries, while the non-traditional security and human security perspectives are used to see the impact of policies on asylum seekers. The results show that cooperation between the two countries is pragmatic and interdependent, where Australia provides financial and technical support, while Papua New Guinea acts as a transit and shelter country. However, the implementation of this cooperation faces various challenges, including international pressure related to human rights violations and Papua New Guinea's dependence on Australian assistance.
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