PERAN SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON DECOLONIZATION THE UNITED NATION DALAM MENGAWAL PROSES DEKOLONISASI KALEDONIA BARU 2018-2021
Keywords:
Special Committee On Decolonization, The United Nation, Dekolonisasi, Kaledonia Baru
Abstract
This research discusses the role of the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization in assisting the decolonization process of New Caledonia during the 2018-2021 period, which was marked by three independence referendums in accordance with the Nouméa Accord. This research aims to analyze the role of the Special Committee on Decolonization in the aspects of information, forum, normative, rule creation, rule supervision, operational, and idea generation as part of the work mechanism of international organizations. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods with literature study data collection techniques.
The results showed that the Special Committee on Decolonization's involvement in New Caledonia's decolonization process during the 2018-2021 period faced a number of challenges, both internally and externally. Complex local political dynamics, fluctuating levels of community participation, and global situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic are factors that have influenced the course of the decolonization process. The 2021 referendum, which took place in the midst of a pandemic and was boycotted by some Kanak communities, reflects the vulnerability of the legitimacy and inclusiveness of the political process in the region. This research shows that the decolonization process in New Caledonia is still in a transitional phase that requires internal strengthening to be more inclusive and sustainable.
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United Nations. Special Committee on Decolonization. Diakses 24 November 2024. https://www.un.org/dppa/decolonization/en/c24/about.
United Nations. Special Committee on the Situation..., berbagai dokumen 2017–2022, termasuk:
• A/AC.109/2018/L.1 (19 Des. 2017)
• A/AC.109/2018/11 (24 Jan. 2018)
• A/AC.109/2019/11 (8 Mar. 2019)
• A/C.4/74/5 (3 Okt. 2019)
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Almada E Santos, Aurora. The Role of the Decolonization Committee of the United Nations Organization in the Struggle Against Portuguese Colonialism in Africa: 1961-1974, 2012, hlm. 248–260.
Batterbury, Simon P.J. “The Third Independence Referendum in New Caledonia: A Fallback to Colonialism?” Pacific Geographies, 16 Februari 2022, hlm. 11–12.
Betts, Raymond F. “Decolonization: A Brief History of the Word.” Beyond Empire and Nation: The Decolonization of African and Asian Societies, 1930s-1970s, 2012, hlm. 23–38. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h2zm.5.
Chappell, David A. “Frontier Ethnogenesis: The Case of New Caledonia.” Journal of World History 4, no. 2 (Fall 1993): 307–324. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078566.
Chappell, David A. “The Noumea Accord: Decolonization without Independence in New Caledonia?” Pacific Affairs 72, no. 3 (Autumn 1999): hlm. 373.
Christman, Roy. The United Nations and Decolonization: A Study of the Formation, Organization, and Effectiveness of the Special Committee.... The Pennsylvania State University, 1974. Proquest Dissertations & Theses, hlm. 1–24.
Connell, John. “The 2020 New Caledonia Referendum: The Slow March to Independence?” The Journal of Pacific History 56, no. 2 (29 April 2021): hlm. 9.
“Referendum 3 of 3: New Caledonia Won’t Become Independent.” Political Geography Now, 17 Desember 2021. www.polgeonow.com/2021/12/did-new-caledonia-gain-independence-referendum-2021.html.
Faberon, Jean-Yves. “Instability and Stability in New Caledonia.” In Politics, Development and Security in Oceania, 2013, hlm. 77–82. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2tt18z.14.
Finger, Seymour M. “A New Approach to Colonial Problems at the United Nations.” International Organization 26, no. 1 (Winter 1972), abstract. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2705958.
Fisher, Denise. New Caledonia’s Independence Referendum: Local and Regional Implications. JSTOR 54, no. 2 (1 Mei 2019): hlm. 4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep19787.
Forrest, Martin. “Regional Integration as a Path to Independence: New Caledonia and the Melanesian Spearhead Group.” Pacific Affairs 93, no. 2 (2020): hlm. 253–274.
Gordon, Lewis. Freedom, Justice, and Decolonization. New York: Routledge, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003112594.
Hack, Karl. “Decolonization and Violence in Southeast Asia: Crises of Identity and Authority.” In Beyond Empire and Nation, 2012, hlm. 137–166.
Imam, Maidi. “Dekolonisasi.” Jurnal Studia Administrasi MM Dekolonisasi 6, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.47995/jian.v6i1.204.
Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia (Komnas HAM). Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia. 2016. www.komnasham.go.id/files/1475231326-deklarasi-universal-hak-asasi--$R48R63.pdf.
Laenui, Poka. “Processes of Decolonization.” In Reclaiming Indigenous Voice and Vision, 2000, hlm. 1.
Leblic, Issabella. “The Kanak Struggle for Independence: Challenges and Perspectives.” Journal of Pacific Studies 41, no. 1 (2018): hlm. 5–30.
Lovelace, Anna. “When Global Governance Wins: The Role of the United Nations in Decolonization.” Merced Undergraduate Research Journal, hlm. 75.
Nickelchok, Katherine. “Critical Analysis of the Special Committee on Decolonization.” 7 April 2017, hlm. 5.
O’Sullivan, Christopher. “The United Nations, Decolonization, and Self-Determination in Cold War Sub-Saharan Africa, 1960–1994.” Journal of Third World Studies 22, no. 2 (2005): hlm. 103–120.
Seligman, Edwin R. A. “The French Colonial Fiscal System.” Publications of the American Economic Association, vol. 1, no. 3 (1900): hlm. 21–39. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2485789.
Turner, Oliver. “‘Finishing the Job’: The UN Special Committee on Decolonization and the Politics of Self-Governance.” Third World Quarterly 34, no. 7 (2013): hlm. 1–17.
United Nations. Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, General Assembly Resolution 1514 (XV), 14 Desember 1960.
United Nations. Implementation of the Declaration... Question of New Caledonia, A/RES/75/115, 21 Desember 2020, hlm. 3–7.
United Nations. Implementation of the Declaration... Question of New Caledonia, A/RES/76/98, 16 Desember 2021, hlm. 4–7.
United Nations. Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence..., 22 Juli 2020, hlm. 6.
United Nations. Implementation... by the Specialized Agencies..., Report of the Secretary-General, A/75/73, 23 Maret 2020, hlm. 2.
United Nations. Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories..., A/AC.109/2022/L.3, 7 Juni 2022, hlm. 1–2.
United Nations. New Caledonia: Working Paper Prepared by the Secretariat, A/AC.109/2021/11, 26 Maret 2021, hlm. 1–19.
United Nations. Official Records: Fourth Committee, A/C.4/75/SR.9, 4 November 2020, hlm. 8–15.
United Nations. Pacific Regional Seminar: Saint Lucia, A/AC.109/2022/19, 11–13 Mei 2022, hlm. 1–6.
United Nations. Pacific Regional Seminar: Bali, Indonesia, A/AC.109/2023/19, 10 Maret 2023, hlm. 1–6.
United Nations. Report of the Special Committee..., A/75/23, 2020, hlm. 71–77.
United Nations. Report of the Special Committee..., Draft Resolution XII: Question of New Caledonia, 2021, hlm. 89–95.
United Nations. Report of the Special Committee..., A/77/23, 2022, hlm. 31.
United Nations. Report of the United Nations Visiting Mission to New Caledonia, A/AC.109/2018/20, 2 April 2018, hlm. 3, 6–8.
United Nations. Special Committee on Decolonization Approves 20 Draft Resolutions..., UN Press, 24 Juni 2022. https://press.un.org/en/2022/gacol3362.doc.htm.
United Nations. Special Committee on Decolonization. Diakses 24 November 2024. https://www.un.org/dppa/decolonization/en/c24/about.
United Nations. Special Committee on the Situation..., berbagai dokumen 2017–2022, termasuk:
• A/AC.109/2018/L.1 (19 Des. 2017)
• A/AC.109/2018/11 (24 Jan. 2018)
• A/AC.109/2019/11 (8 Mar. 2019)
• A/C.4/74/5 (3 Okt. 2019)
• A/AC.109/2022/SR.1 (15 Mar. 2022)
• A/AC.109/2022/L.4, L.5 (7 Juni 2022)
• United Nations. “Several Speakers Upset by France’s Refusal to Postpone Vote amid Pandemic...” UN Press, 14 Juni 2022. https://press.un.org/en/2022/gacol3359.doc.htm
“The Special Committee on Decolonization: C-24, Committee Primer, Decolonization and the United Nations.” Mesa Community College. Diakses 28 November 2024. https://www.mesacc.edu/sites/default/files/pages/academic-departments/social-science/C24%20Instructions.pdf.
Published
2025-10-15
How to Cite
Karaeang, Y. L. (2025). PERAN SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON DECOLONIZATION THE UNITED NATION DALAM MENGAWAL PROSES DEKOLONISASI KALEDONIA BARU 2018-2021. Global Insight Journal : Jurnal Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.36859/gij.v2i1.3563
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