KERJASAMA PERTAHANAN RUSIA DAN KOREA UTARA
Keywords:
Foreign Policy, Strengthening Russia-North Korea Relations, Regional and Global Security.
Abstract
The development of global security issues has become increasingly dynamic amidst hegemonic competition in various regional conflicts. The actions and reactions of states in responding to the dynamics of conflict across different regions present a compelling area of study within the field of international relations. One particularly noteworthy security issue that has garnered public attention is the strengthening military relationship between Russia and North Korea, occurring concurrently with the escalating conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the potential for conflict escalation on the Korean Peninsula. This situation is further underscored by the cooperation between Russia and North Korea, which is becoming increasingly focused on enhancing defence and military capabilities. There are a number of responses and projections regarding the negative impacts of the policies adopted by Russia towards North Korea. Consequently, researchers are investigating the underlying reasons for Russia's foreign policy formulation towards North Korea, employing a Neo-Realist perspective and grounded in foreign policy theory. Additionally, the analysis encompasses the determinants of foreign policy and several relevant supplementary theories.
References
Buku
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Foyle, Douglas. 1997. Public Opinion And Foreign Policy: Elite Beliefs As A Mediating Variable”. International Studies Quarterly.
Jayanatanuja Bandypadhyaya. “National Character And International Relations”. Internatiional Studies, 1976. Halaman 532.
Kitchen, Nicholas. 2010. ‘Systemic Pressures And Domestik Ideas: A Neoclassical Realist Model Of Grand Strategy Formation’, Review Of International Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1, Pp. 117-143.
Lobell, Steven E., Norrin M. Ripsman, Dan Jeffrey W. Taliaffero. 2009. Neoclassical Realism, The State, And Foreign Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mardalis. Jakarta. Metode Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Proposal. 1995: Bumi Aksara.
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Bandypadhyaya, Jayanatanuja. 1976. "National Character And International Relations." Internatiional Studies 532.
Brooklings. n.d. "”What do North Korean Troop Deployments to Russia Mean For Geoolitics”."
Creswell, John W. Creswell Dan J. David. 2018. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approachess 5th Edition. Sage Publications.
Danim, Sudarwan. 2002. Menjadi Peneliti Kualitatif. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.
Defence Intelligence Agency. 2017. "Russia Military Power:Building a Military to Support Great Power Aspirations." Washington D.C 16-17.
Douglas Foyle. “Public Opinion And Foreign Policy: Elite Beliefs As A Mediating Variable”. International Studies Quarterly. 1997.
Ford, Arthur P. 2009. Denting The Hub, Or Strengthening The Spokes? A Neoclassical Realism Analysis Of New Security Trends In The Pacific. Alabama: School Of Advanced Air And Space Studies Air University Maxwell Air Force Base.
Foyle, Douglas. 1997. Public Opinion And Foreign Policy: Elite Beliefs As A Mediating Variable”. International Studies Quarterly.
Jayanatanuja Bandypadhyaya. “National Character And International Relations”. Internatiional Studies, 1976. Halaman 532.
Kitchen, Nicholas. 2010. ‘Systemic Pressures And Domestik Ideas: A Neoclassical Realist Model Of Grand Strategy Formation’, Review Of International Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1, Pp. 117-143.
Lobell, Steven E., Norrin M. Ripsman, Dan Jeffrey W. Taliaffero. 2009. Neoclassical Realism, The State, And Foreign Policy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mardalis. Jakarta. Metode Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Proposal. 1995: Bumi Aksara.
Maulana., Arya Wirawan. 2020. "Kebijakan Luar Negeri Tiongkok Terhadap Korea Utara Dalam Proses Denuklirisasi Korea Utara PAsca Six Party Talks (Periode 2009-2013)." Universitas Isla Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Moleong, Lexy J. 2006. Metode Penelitian Kuaitatif. Bandung: Edisi Revisi (Bandung, 2006) Hlm: 10.
Obayemi, Olumnide K. 2006. "“Legal Standards Governing Pre-Emptive Strikes and ForcibleMeasures of Anticipatory Self-Defense under the U.N. Charter and General International Law.”." Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law, 12 (1).
Plano, Jack. J, and Olton Roy. 1982. The International Relations Dictionary, Third. Editions. California: Western Michigan University, ABC-Clio.
Pradana, Mas Rusdinar Septia. Desember 2013. "Kebijakan Luar Negeri Rusia dalam Six-Party Talks Krisis Senjata Nuklir Korea Utara." Program Studi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.
Rismawan, Arry. 2018. "Kebijakan Politik Luar Negeri Rusia Terhadap Pemberlakuan Sanksi Ekonomi Dan Militer Bagi Korea Utara." Perpustakaan.
Rosyidin, Mohamad. 2010. ‘Integrasi Struktur Dan Unit: Teori Politik Luar Negeri Dalam Perspektif Realisme Neoklasik’, Global, Vol.10, No.2, Pp. 150-163
Saito, Motohide. 2016. "Russian North Korea Policy: Current Status and Future Outlook." 166-168.
Secretariat Cairo. 1995. "United Nation Congress On The Prevention Of Crime And The Treatment Of Offenders."
Shin, Beom-Shik. 2008. "Russia’s Northeast Asian Policy and Korean Peninsular." The Journal of East Asia Affairs, Vol 22. No.2 63-195 .
Werner Levi,. “Ideology, Interest, And Foreign Policy”. International Studies Quarterly Vol. 14. Noo 1, 1970. Halaman 3.
Internet
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Rizqiah, Rachmadyantira, Maharani, Angkasari. 2022. Pelanggaran Hukum Pada Invasi Rusia-Ukraina Ditijau Dari Konvensi Jenewa. Accessed 2024. https://e-journal.trisakti.ac.id/index.php/teras-Lrev/index.
RCTI Plus.com. 2022. “Mengulik Sejarah Hubungan Rusia dan Korut ternyata Tidak Selalu Mesra". Accessed 2024. https://www.rctiplus.com/news/detail/berita-utama/4411312/mengulik-sejarah-hubungan-rusia-dan-korut-ternyata-tidak-selalu-mesra.
Pusat Analis Keparlemenan Badan Keahlian Setjen DPR RI. 2023. Peningkatan Hubungan Rusia dan Korea Utara. Accessed 2024. Https://Berkas.Dpr.Go.Id/Pusaka/Files/Isu_Sepekan/Isu%20sepekan---Iii-Puslit-Juni-2024-238.Pdf
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Kompas.com. 2023. 20 Poin Penting Perjanjian Kemitraan Rusia dan Korea Utara. Accessed 2024. https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2024/06/20/162700270/20-poin-penting-perjanjian-kemitraan-rusia-dan-korea-utara?page=1 .
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Kompas. 2022. Daftar Sanksi yang dijatuhkan kepada Rusia atas Invasi Ukraina Apa Saja,. Accessed
Howard H. Lentner. 1973. Foreign Policy Analysis: Comparative and Conceptual Approach. Merril.
Internasional Kompas. 2022. Pasang Surut Hubungan Rusia dan Korea Utara. Accessed 2024. https://internasional.kompas.com/read/2024/02/26/163450470/pasang-surut-hubungan-rusia-dan-korea-utara,.
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IP Defense Forum. 2024. Ikatan Militer Korea Utara-Rusia Memerlukan Respons Terkoordinasi untuk Menjaga Stabilitas Konflik Indo-Pasifik. Accessed 2025. https://ipdefenseforum.com/id/2024/11/ikatan-militer-korea-utara-rusia-memerlukan-respons-terkoordinasi-untuk-menjag.
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Katzman, Kenneth, and Clayton Thomas. 2017. Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and US Policy. Washington DC: Congressional Research Service.
Kementrian Sekretaris Negara. 2021. Indonesia-Afghanistan Sepakat Tingkatkan Kerjasama. April 6. Accessed Januari 29, 2024. https://www.setneg.go/.
Detik News. 2022. “AS Sorot Kerja Sama Militer dengan Korut Rusia Geram”. Accessed 2024. https://news.detik.com/internasional/d-6930556/as-sorot-kerja-sama-militer-dengan-korut-rusia-geram/2 .
Brookngs. 2022. ”What do North Korean Troop Deployments to Russia Mean For Geoolitics. Accessed 2024. https://www.brookings.edu/articles/what-do-north-korean-troop-deployments-to-russia-mean-for-geopolitics/.
CNBC Indonesia. 2022. Tentara Korut Pakai Seragam Rusia Bergerak ke Ukraina-Nato Merespons. Accessed 2024. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241031050407-4-584408/tentara-korut-pakai-seragam-rusia-bergerak-ke-ukraina-nato-merespons.
CNBC Indonesia, ,. 2024. Putin-Kim Jong Un Teken Pakta Perjanjian Pertahanan, AS Cs Panik. Accessed 2024. Online:https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20240620050803-4-547646/putin-kim-jong-un-teken-pakta-perjanjian-pertahanan-as-cs-panik.
CNN Indonesia. 2022. Sekjen Nato Usul Ukraina Gabung Tanpa Restu Anggota. Accessed 2025. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20230711193114-134-972249/sekjen-nato-usul-ukraina-gabung-tanpa-restu-negara-anggota.
Council on Foreign Relations. 2022. How Much U.S. Aid Is Going to Ukraine? Accessed 2025. https://www.cfr.org/article/how-much-us-aid-going-ukraine.
BBC Indonesia. 2023. Tiga alasan mengapa Vladimir Putin akan bertemu Kim Jong Un di Korea Utara. Accessed 2024. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c6pp1ll915eo.
BBC News. 2023. Vladimir Putin dan Kim Jong Un berikrar saling bantu melawan 'agresi', apa artinya? Accessed 2024. Https://Www.Bbc.Com/Indonesia/Articles/Cw00rynxez5o.
BBCNews. 2022. "Sejarah Hubungan Rusia dan Korea Utara". Accessed 2024. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/cj5q4ejz9evo.
Berkas DPR.go. 2022. Isu Sepekan Rusia-Korea Utara. Accessed 2024. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/pusaka/files/isu_sepekan/Isu%20Sepekan---III-PUSLIT-Juni-2024-238.pdf .
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Published
2025-10-03
How to Cite
Sukoco, I. (2025). KERJASAMA PERTAHANAN RUSIA DAN KOREA UTARA. Diplomacy and Global Security Journal : Jurnal Mahasiswa Magister Hubungan Internasional, 2(2), 914-939. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36859/dgsj.v2i2.4605
Section
Articles
