DINAMIKA GEOPOLITIK DAN IMPLIKASINYA: ANALISIS RIVALITAS AS-RRT DI LAUT CHINA SELATAN TERHADAP KEPENTINGAN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Geopolitics, US-PRC Rivalry, South China Sea, Indonesia's Sovereignty, Maritime Security, Diplomatic Strategy, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Natuna, Militarization of the South China Sea, Maritime Diplomacy.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the geopolitical dynamics and rivalry between the United States (US) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the South China Sea and its implications for Indonesia's strategic interests. The South China Sea is a highly strategic area rich in natural resources, making it a focal point of power struggle between these two major powers. Although Indonesia is not directly involved in the territorial disputes in the South China Sea, the rivalry between the US and the PRC impacts Indonesia, particularly in terms of territorial sovereignty, maritime economy, and regional stability. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, analyzing official documents, scholarly publications, and relevant reports. The primary focus of this study is to identify the military, economic, and diplomatic strategies employed by the US and the PRC in the region and their effects on Indonesia. This study also examines Indonesia's foreign policy response in maintaining neutrality and addressing the challenges posed by the rivalry between the two great powers. The findings of this research are expected to provide a deeper understanding of Indonesia's role in maintaining regional stability and strengthening its adaptive foreign policy in response to the evolving global geopolitical landscape.
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Shafitri, Desy Nur. 2024. "Respon ASEAN atas Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat di Laut." Jurnal Ilmu Politik Vol.15, No. 1.
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Bungin, B. 2017. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Kencana
Creswell, J. W. 2018. Qualitative Methode Approaches.
Friedberg, A. L. 2022. Getting China Wrong. Polity Press.
Friedberg, A. L,. 2011. A Contest for Supremacy: China, America, and the Struggle for Mastery in Asia. W. W. Norton & Company.
Hadiwinata, B. S. (2018). Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia di Tengah Dinamika Global. Jakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Hadiwinata, B.S. 2018. Geopolitik Kawasan Asia Tenggara: Tantangan dan Peluang bagi Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Nasional.
Hayton, B. 2018. The South China Sea: The Struggle for Power in Asia. Yale University Press.
Jackson, R., & Sørensen, G. 2016. Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches (6th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kaplan, R. D. (2014). Asia's Cauldron: The South China Sea and the End of a Stable Pacific. Random House.
Mahan, A. T. 1890. The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660–1783. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Margesson, Rhoda. 2010. United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan : Background and Policy Issue. Washington DC: CSR Report for Congress.
Mearsheimer, J. J. 2011. Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: W.W Norton & Company.
Mearsheimer, J.J. 2001. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. 1984. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods. Beverly Hills: Sage Publication.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. 1984. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Sourcebook of New Methods. Beverly Hills: Sage Publication.
Moleong, L. J. 2017. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Neuman, W. L. 2014. Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Boston: Pearson.
Surwati, Basorwi dan. 2008. Memahami Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.
Tanner, Stephen. 2002. Afghanistan : A Military History From Alexander the Great ti the fall of the Taliban . Cambridge: Da Capo Press.
Waltz, K. N. (1979). Teory of International Politics. Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley.
Internet
Abou-Zahr, Sawssan. 2019. Peace Dispatch: March 2019. Maret 23. Accessed Januari 27, 2024. https://www.peaceinsight.org/en/articles/peace-dispatch-march-2019/?location=nigeria&theme=conflict-prevention-early-warning.
Adam, Chaesar. 2018. Respon Kebijakan Luar Negeri Australia terhadap Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Tiongkok: Dilema Pemenuhan Kepentingan Ekonomi dan Keamanan Nasional. Yogyakarta: UGM.
Anwar, D. F. 2020. “Indonesia’s South China Sea Dilemma: Between Sovereignty and Economic Relations.”. ISEAS Perspective, No. 15.
Aoyama, Rumi. 2017. "One Belt, One Road: Tiongkok's New Global Strategy." Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies Vol 5:2.
Arbitration, Permanent Court of. n.d. "(2016). Award: Philippines v. China (PCA Case No. 2013-19). Menggarisbawahi bahwa klaim "Historic rights" Tiongkok dalam nine dash line tidak memiliki dasar hukum berdasarkan UNCLOS."
Asean.org. 2021. ASEAN-Outlook-on-the-Indo-Pacific_FINAL. https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ASEAN-Outlook-on-the-Indo-Pacific_FINAL_22062019.pdf?utm.
Aspistrategist.org. 2020. mapping-the-nine-dash-line-recent-incidents-involving-indonesia-in-the-south-china-sea. https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/mapping-the-nine-dash-line-recent-incidents-involving-indonesia-in-the-south-china-sea/?utm.
Ayoma, Rumi. 2017. "Onee Belt, One Road: Tiongkok’s New Global Strategy." Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, Vol 5:2.
BBC.com. 2020. Indonesia. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-50999466?utm.
Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). 2020. "How Much Trade Transits the South China Sea?"
Chun, Chieng-Peng. 2022. Tiongkoks’s Multilateral Cooperation In Asia and the Pacific: institutionalizing ‘Good Neighbor Policy , (New York: Rutledge, 2010). Accessed 2025. di https://www.routledge.com/Tiongkoks-Multilateral-Co-operation-in-Asia-and-the-Pacific- Instititute.
Dupree, Louis, Nancy Hatch Dupree, and Victor Petrov. 2024. Afghanistan; Etnolinguistic Composition. Januari 12. Accessed Januari 27, 2024. https://www.britannica.com/place/Afghanistan.
Goh, E. 2019. "“ASEAN’s Role in the South China Sea Dispute.”." Asian Survey, Vol. 59, No. 3.
Green, M. J., et al. 2017. " Countering Coercion in Maritime Asia: The Theory and Practice of Gray Zone Deterrence." Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).
Hartono, Willy. 2021. Perjanjian AS-Taliban Buka Jalan Perdamaian di Afghanistan. Maret 1. Accessed Januari 29, 2024. https://www.medcom.id/internasional/timur-tengah-afrika/yNLGE06K-perjanjian-as-taliban-buka-jalan-perdamaian-di-afghanistan.
Hayton, B. 2018. The South China Sea: The Struggle for Power in Asia. Yale University Press.
International Crisis Group. 2020. Afghanistan Peace Talk Since 2018: A Timeline. Agustus 11. Accessed Januari 30, 2024. https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-asia/afghanistan/afghanistan-between-february-2019-and-august-2020-timeline.
Jurnal Politik. April 2023. "Keamanan dan Hubungan Internasional." Nomor eISSN : 2829-1794 Volume 2 No. 1 29-38.
Peaceful-competion.org. 2020. Peace. https://www.peaceful-competition.org/pub/brdt54wm/release/1?utm.
Permanent Court of Arbitration. (2016). "The South China Sea Arbitration Award."
Saaty, T. L. 2014. Analytic Hierarchy Process. ttps://doi.org/10.1002/9781118445112.stat05310.
Secretariat Cairo. 1995. "United Nation Congress On The Prevention Of Crime And The Treatment Of Offenders."
Shafitri, Desy Nur. 2024. "Respon ASEAN atas Keterlibatan Amerika Serikat di Laut." Jurnal Ilmu Politik Vol.15, No. 1.
Sinaga, Yuni Arisandy. 2019. Indonesia Siap Berkontribusi Proses Perdamaian di Afghanistan. Maret 15. Accessed Januari 30, 2024. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/810347/indonesia-siap-berkontribusi-proses-perdamaian-diafghanistan#.
Time.com. 2021. indonesia-china-jokowi-natuna-sovereignty-maritime-fishing-dispute. https://time.com/4379401/indonesia-china-jokowi-natuna-sovereignty-maritime-fishing-dispute/?utm.
Varano, John. 2020. The State of Victoria and China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Where Does it Leave Victorians? Accessed 2024. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341359556_The_State_of_Victoria_and_China's_ Belt_and_Road.
Widyaningrum, Gita Laras. 2018. Kronologis Serangan 9/11, Runtuhnya Menara Kembar dan Osama Bin Laden. September 18. Accessed Januari 28, 2024. https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/13935227/kronologis-serangan-911-runtuhnya-menara-kembar-dan-osama-bin-laden.
Published
2025-09-24
How to Cite
Didada, P. I. (2025). DINAMIKA GEOPOLITIK DAN IMPLIKASINYA: ANALISIS RIVALITAS AS-RRT DI LAUT CHINA SELATAN TERHADAP KEPENTINGAN INDONESIA. Diplomacy and Global Security Journal : Jurnal Mahasiswa Magister Hubungan Internasional, 2(2), 842-857. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36859/dgsj.v2i2.4600
Section
Articles
