PERAN TNI AD SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN : STUDI KASUS MISI PERDAMAIAN PBB DI AFRIKA (MONUSCO) TAHUN 2021-2022

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of the Indonesian National Army (TNI AD) as an instrument of defense diplomacy through a case study of the United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO) during 2021–2022. Employing a qualitative case study approach and literature review, the research integrates Realism, Defense Diplomacy, and Constructivism theories to explain the strategic, operational, and normative dimensions of TNI AD’s involvement. The findings indicate that TNI AD’s role in MONUSCO extends beyond security functions to include infrastructure development, humanitarian assistance, and strengthening relations with local communities. Such involvement contributes to Indonesia’s positive image, enhances soft power, and strengthens its position in global diplomacy. However, a gap is identified between field practices (das sein) and normative ideals (das sollen), particularly in inter-agency synergy and the use of mission outcomes as long-term diplomatic tools. The study recommends enhancing military diplomacy capacity, integrating defense and foreign policy strategies, and conducting systematic evaluations to maximize TNI AD’s role in global diplomacy.